| schema:description | "内容記述: 1. Plant Genetic Resources in the Global Economy; 2. Intellectual Property Rights in the Global Economy: The Global Intellectual Property Regime; Intellectual Property Rights in International Trade; 3. Biodiversity-related Aspects of the Global IPR Regime: The TRIPS Agreement: Objectives and General Principles; Patents: Ordre public and morality; 'Patenting life' and the sui generis option; Geographical Indications; Trade Secrets; Trademarks; Other Provisions Relating to Agriculture; The UPOV Convention; 4. IPR-related Aspects of the Convention on Biological Diversity: Article 16; Article 8(j); Article 17; Article 15; 5. IPRs and Biodiversity: Conflicts or Synergy?: Links between IPRs and Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity: Patents and IPRs in General: IPRs and monocultures; IPRs and crop-agricultural linkages: Plant Variety Rights; IPRs and Transfer of Technologies Relevant to Conversation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity: Technology Transfer and Developing Countries: General Observations; Transfer of CBD-related Technologies; IPRs and the Rights of Traditional Knowledge Holders Are IPRs inimical to Indigenous and Local People's Rights?: Can IPRs Protect Traditional Biodivesity-related Knowledge?; 6. TRIPS and the CBD: Bridging the Gaps: Patents; Options for the Sui Generis System: Requirements for Protection; Scope of the Protection; Additional Provisions; Geographical Indications; Trade Secrets; Trademarks; 7. The CBD, WTO and Other IPR- and Biodiversity-related Institutions, Forums and Processes: Intellectual Property Rights: The World Trade Organization: The Council for TRIPS; The Committee on Trade and Environment; The World Intellectual Property Organization; Biodiversity: Conservation and Sustainable Use: The CBD Conference of the Parties: Article 8(j); Intellectual property rights; Access and benefit-sharing;; The UNCTAD Biotrade Initiative; Agriculture: The Food and Agriculture Organization; The Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research; 8. Government and Regional Initiatives: Some Case Studies: Andean Community Common System on Access to Genetic Resources; The Costa Rica Biodiversity Law; The Organisation of African Unity Draft Legislation on Community Rights and Access to Biological Resources; 9. Non-governmental initiatives and Proposals: Community Intellectual Rights; SRISTI's Local Innovations Databases; People's Biodiversity Registers; 10. Conclusions, Unresolved Questions and Recommendations: Unresolved Questions; Recommendations: TRIPS and UPOV: Patents; Plant variety protection, UPOV and the sui generis option; The Convention on Biological Diversity: Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity; Benefit-sharing; Technology transfer; Traditional knowledge, innovations and practices....(more)" |